Loan shark montreal. Often, loan sharks use threats of violence when it comes time to collect on their. Loan shark montreal

 
 Often, loan sharks use threats of violence when it comes time to collect on theirLoan shark montreal  In this article, we will explain what loan sharks are, how they operate, how their loans compare to legal short-term loans, and what you can do to spot

8 percent in. 48 over the term of the loan. Minh Quang Tran pleaded guilty. Wróbel about the debt in Chapter 2 in “Money Lending and Other Sins – I & II”. Because loan sharks operate mostly illegally, they cannot reasonably expect to be able to use the legal system to collect such debts, thus they often resort to enforcing repayment by terms of blackmail and threats of violence. At least one of two fugitive murder suspects wanted in connection with the December killing of an Ontario woman was arrested Friday. Video of the Day. One borrower received £300 from the loan shark during the last two years. APR between 9. The Dubois Brothers are nine of the ten sons of Napoléon Dubois also known as "Paulo" and Alice Tribodeau. A talented guitarist who robbed a dozen Montreal-area banks in six months says he committed the crimes to pay off loan sharks. New inputs: Jokar gave a very good loan log. com. Getty images. Calculate loans with balloons and various rates. If a loan shark is harassing you, you can report it to the police or the National Crime Council’s X Ah-Long hotline. gov. After the brief conversation, leave the outpost and follow Jaylen Price. Enter the length or pattern for better results. The most recent loan shark to die in a hail of bullets is Marc Dufour, 42, slain this past weekend in L'Ascension, in the. The Sharks are 0-9 on the road and 3-15-1 overall. I cannot get a loan anywhere not even payday loans. m. These extremely high fees and interest rates make it difficult for borrowers to repay the loan but many. If you do the calculation, you are paying 20% on your loan. Typically, when a borrower has no option to secure a traditional bank loan, a loan shark does not usually require collateral for a loan, a bank account or even a written loan agreement. If I buy a house it would be in the $60,000 to $100,000. If you, or someone you know, owe money from a loan shark, the first thing you need to do is report the illegal money lender. Licensed Moneylenders: The Best Alternative to Loan Sharks. He faced Montreal Oct. Under the new protections, the amount of interest that finance companies can charge on loans is capped. Under Section 654 of Thailand’s Civil code, the maximum annual interest rate on a loan is set at 15% per year. 447 > 0. Borrow like a Shark! Get loan offers directly from multiple Lenders on LoanShark. 24. 750,000 so that the 10 per cent interest rate is covered. If you have information about loan sharking activities, you can contact. 3) Try social media. Of course certain percentage loan collectors, less ethics and can resort to harmful tactics in collection. 99%, monthly payment of $125. Kiva (– Kiva is a non-profit organization that provides microloans to entrepreneurs around the world. adults who business in America. LoanShark. However, if we were to consider the Saint Lawrence River, which flows through Montreal on its way to the Atlantic Ocean, there have been sightings of several species of sharks in its brackish waters. A 2018 survey by CNBC found that 51% of millennials have at least considered taking. You can often apply for these online. loan shark Significado, definición, qué es loan shark: 1. July 7, 2000 — Gallant kills Robert Savard, a notorious loan shark tied to the Hells Angels, inside a restaurant in Montreal. APRs range from 23. We know that you need your car to help you generate an income so you will keep yo car after accessing the advance, its an innovative way to unlock cash without upsetting your lifestyle. casinos, Paul King Jin, the alleged “No. C. After repaying £15,000 so far, the lender is demanding a further £170. How do Loan Sharks Work? Loan sharking involves taking advantage of the borrower's weak credit or collateral condition. Loan sharks charge up to 36 per cent per annum and adjust their interest in the loaned amount. Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Businesse Vol. The loan shark may be only too eager to use violence if necessary, either to threaten borrowers, punish late payors, or set an example. 9 Instead, loans usually ranging from $2,500 to $25,000 are made to the owners of relatively insecure businesses, such as restaurants, night clubs and stock brokerage firms. When embarking upon 'SHARK', we were faced with many limitations as a direct result of COVID-19. Depending on where a person lives, lenders typically cannot charge more than 60% interest per annum. The agreed interest rate was 10. Mortgages tend to have quite low rates, in the 2-5% range, with an average of 3%. Some federal credit unions offer loans from $200 to $1,000 with APRs capped at 28% to borrowers of all credit types. As per the most recent available information, an average employment income per month in Montreal is $39,700. When people are strapped for cash, they may resort to borrowing from unlicensed lenders. A local police station in Chennai confirmed receipt of Rajapandian’s complaint against the app, which was filed on Dec. A loan shark offers easy credit to borrowers at unreasonably high interest rates. Ham, one of the pioneer students of the loan-shark business, estimated in 1911 that in cities of more than 30,000 population one loan shark could be found for every five to ten thousand people. 23. Loan sharks in the Philippines usually charge very high-interest rates and require collateral such as land titles or jewelry as security. Sign up and start receiving offers from qualified lenders immediately. Enjoy your new credit card. Loan sharks are people who lend money at extremely high- interest rates, often without following any legal regulations. Know whether the shark offering the loan has. They are part of National Trading Standards. In England, you can report a loan shark online on the Stop Loan Sharks website. Find out your potential monthly payments on a $10,000 personal loan with this calculator. The rate you’ll get depends on factors like your credit score and debt-to-income ratio. 3. A high-profile, five-year investigation into money laundering in B. If you need reliable mashonisa loan sharks in Pretoria, you can check them out. Although these lenders may initially seem friendly, they can take advantage of borrowers and put them into debt cycles that are. LOAN SHARK definition: 1. 2005). Loan sharks are pulling Canadians under. 3. Learn how to lodge a complaint with your federally regulated financial institution, payment card network operator, or external complaint body. You can complete our application in about 10 minutes. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. In this popular game, students sit across the desk from unsuspecting borrowers and try to extract as much profit from them - via interest and loan terms - as possible. Trust FlexMoney to provide you with an online moving loan of $500 to $15,000 to help with your relocation. Points are accrued and paid weekly, 99% of the time. . loan shark Bedeutung, Definition loan shark: 1. 3. I hope someone can tell us what to do. According to data from the Korea Research Institute for Financial Inclusion, this group of lenders has been tightening lending for a few years. * Pricing for term loans starts from 3. They typically allow up to 30x your salary if you have a good credit rating. Employment rate: 60%. 4 million won. Payday lenders are regulated by authorities and do not charge outlandish interest rates on loans. It cost me over $75 the first time. Illegal Money Lending Team. I’m wearing my stay-at-home mom… · 4 min read · Feb 16, 2022as “loan sharks” since the epithet was first coined. Keep in mind, however, that while traditional loan sharks worked. These lenders are also known to be very aggressive in collecting payments, often resorting to threats and violence. Payday loans with high interest rates are legal in many cases, and. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. The employment rate in Montreal is 60%. 96%. My monthly minimum payment is. 7%. Montreal’s leading employment sectors are health care and social assistance, real estate and rental and leasing, management of companies and enterprises. Loan fees, processing fees, inspection fees, financing fees, lender fees, broker fees, origination fees, document fees, legal review fees, warehousing fees, appraisal review fees, etc. ET TV: NBC Sports Bay Area Plus. Access the market value of your home with a BMO home equity loan. I need a loan of R15000. Theodore, 26, posted a 20-31-6 record with a 2. One woman told the BBC she borrowed £100 from a neighbour's sister and found herself paying back nearly £1,000 a month. loan shark ý nghĩa, định nghĩa, loan shark là gì: 1. Conclusion About Loan Shark Harassment In Singapore After 2010, Dickson said, VIPs funded by loan sharks were commonly buying in with well over $100,000 cash per transaction. uk or text loan shark and your message to. Story continues below advertisement. Loan Sharks Advertise Their Loans Through SMS, Flyers, And Emails. Loan shark survived gangland hit. The average interest rate charged by loan sharks is a staggering 5,853% APR, according to new research. In England, if you think a money lender is operating without being FCA authorised, you can speak in confidence to the Illegal Money Lending Hotline on 0300 555 2222. 2. This is more than 50 times the average credit card interest rate of 22. If you need cash fast and don’t have the best credit, consider the following alternatives before borrowing from a loan shark. Such lenders usually trap destitute borrowers who are desperate for immediate cash. The capture came at the Montreal Casino, police told La Presse. The changes to the Credit Contracts and Consumer Finance Act came into effect on 1 June and are designed to reduce the impact of loan sharks and mobile traders offering crippling high-interest rate loans. Personal Loans. Lottery Corp. It would limit the amount of interest lenders can charge on any type of loan, anywhere in the nation, to 15%. 09 -- Weight 170 [175 cm/77 kg] Regular Season More -> Playoffs; Season Team Lge GP G A Pts PIM +/-GP G A Pts PIM; 1964-65:Please lmk if anyone can make it happen. casinos, Paul King Jin, the alleged “No. But as the debts escalate to thousands of pounds, it is thought borrowers are paying £700 million a. You a loan to be 1% or 2% an of U. He was murdered with multiple gunshots. She says she did it because she was afraid for her life. Reporting loan sharks makes a difference – to you, your friends and your community. Loan sharks may demand collateral like ATM cards and government-issued IDs. I've borrowed before from loan shark, this is how it works: Interest and points are essentially the same with some small differences. Roughly 310,000 people in the UK are estimated to owe money to illegal money lenders. Loan sharks are illegal money lenders who lend money without authorization and often use intimidation and threats to collect repayment. On Dec. This is his story: Illegal Money Lending Team. Digital loan sharks have also been known to ask for very high-interest rates often masked as weekly or monthly rates. loan shark story : r/Thailand. getting paid on monthly basis. Malai Gambrill doesn’t sound like your typical loan shark. “We want to expand our No Interest Loans Scheme (NILS), said Sr Margaret. Two Days Time to Receive Funds. In Scotland, you can report them through the Trading Standards Scotland website or. Phone: 0300 555 2222. Lack of Documentation. Lending agreements between borrowers and loan sharks all have the following characteristics: a high rate of interest, generally 20 percent per week; a fairly explicit understanding that borrowers are pledging their physical well-being and that of their. 99% and 46. Loan sharks usually approve loans remotely and therefore cannot provide an address for the brick-and-mortar office. I know I qualify for up to a million plus in loans and my repayment would not be 25% interest. We strive to approve loan requests in about an hour. Mike Hoffman and William Eklund scored, but the Sharks dropped it in the shootout. He is generally regarded as the man who killed a 11-year boy, Daniel Desrochers, with a car bomb on 9 August 1995 during the Hells Angels' war against the Rock Machine. Montreal police suspect alleged loan shark may have had other victims– Loan sharks offer quick and instant cash to people with no collateral in Nigeria which can be a juicy proposition to the average Nigerian because of our standard of living and current economic situation. The capture came at the. The results can be ugly. Loan sharks’ debt collecting processes differ by the type of interest rate charged - daily or monthly - the amount borrowed and the purpose of the loan. Their loans have payment terms of up to 60 months. Said to have had several million dollars “on the street” on any given day. The interest rates are typically way over the established legal rate and loan sharks are often members of organized crime groups. A high-profile, five-year investigation into money laundering in B. Anyone who believes they might be the victim of a loan shark can contact the Stop Loan Sharks 24-hour confidential helpline on 0300 555 2222, email [email protected] Sharks is the first history of predatory lending in the United States. In this way, a loan shark makes money by gaining high levels of interest in a short period. has ended with a special prosecutor declining to lay any charges against an accused loan shark. But as discussed above, the loan shark law charges a higher interest rate. A loan shark who paid a social media influencer to promote his illegal money lending operation has been jailed. 476. Business student Rovin Mavunga, 24, used Snapchat to find customers he would go on. SPVM. But the global. willing to pay back R24 000 in 6 month time. Fueling the Growth of Small Business IOU Financial offers working capital to small business owners through strong and trusted partnerships. It’s cool because you can look through all of the business requesting money and decide which businesses are loan worthy and invest in only the ones you think are going to succeed. org Cuando Simón (su nombre ha sido cambiado) llegó a Fair Finance en el 2006, tenía deudas con un usurero ilegal que tenía vínculos con el país de origen de Simón. Any interest rate above 60 per cent is described as a “criminal rate” in the Criminal Code. Therefore, the deal between the loan shark and Mr. Matt Benning, who has missed the last 10 games with a lower-body injury, was activated off IR, took Rutta’s spot on the 23-man roster, and played Friday as the Sharks hosted the Montreal Canadiens. Unlike shark loans online, we would never threaten you for repayment. How to find loan sharks online. 09. Th e term “loan shark” quickly became the preferred term for high- interest lenders in the American vernacular, replacing the much older term “usurer. Click the answer to find similar crossword clues . In Canada, loan-sharking is officially designated as a criminal offence if the effective rate (including fees and penalty payments) exceeds 60% per annum. View the recommended readings offered by people who are passionate about literature. 24hr cash gives you the helping hand you need to get back on your feet. a person who charges very large amounts of money for lending money to someone 2. Loans range from $300- $1,500 with terms from 4 months to 12 months or longer. How Much I’ll Pay In Loan Interest. 25. Raynald Desjardins (born October 2, 1953) is a prominent organized crime figure in Montreal, and a former associate of the Rizzuto crime family. After 2010, Dickson said, VIPs funded by loan sharks were commonly buying in with well over $100,000 cash per transaction. In a video. With their local network, loan sharks seek out vulnerable individuals in desperate need of money. This offence was created during the 1970s, some say, out of a widespread and inflated fear of the mob. C. loan shark Bedeutung, Definition loan shark: 1. “The court has remanded her in custody,” said Karki. Remember that even if this lender is legally constituted, he breaks the law if he threatens you. (AP) — Jesse Ylönen scored the game-winning goal in the sixth round of a shootout and the Montreal Canadiens beat the San Jose Sharks 3-2 on. This figure has more than trebled since 2010. Loan sharks may avoid providing proper documentation, receipts, or loan agreements, making it challenging for borrowers to keep track of their financial. The term is bandied about in. If you pay half of your loan, the weekly payment doesn't change. Today's puzzle is listed on our homepage along with all the possible crossword clue solutions. Partner with Us Flexible Small Business Loans 3-Minute Application,Pre-Approved in Seconds! IOU Financial has fast, flexible small business loans, always there when your clients need them. willing to pay back R24 000 in 6 month time. Today's crossword puzzle clue is a quick one: Loan shark. With their local network, loan sharks seek out vulnerable individuals in desperate need of money. Visit the site and fill out the online application. ca against your home or investment property. It tells the story of a man who cannot afford to buy his daughter a First Communion dress, and makes disastrous choices in trying to raise the money. Arthur H. cloopz • 10 mo. Loan sharks have always been a threat, but recent research from think tank the Centre of Social Justice (CSJ) estimates that the number of people in England borrowing from one could be as high as. 39 Replies to “Private Lenders Canada: Get Guaranteed Approval for Personal Loans up to $25,000 with Flexible Repayment Terms – No Refusal”. Get your loan in 3 easy steps no paperwork, no collateral, and no long waiting period. Loansharking involves two markets, one for small loans of less than $1,000 and one for large loans. Mortgages. . We’ll help you learn to recognise the signs so that you can take action. Live stream Montreal Canadiens at San Jose Sharks on. With licensed moneylenders, your rights have full protection and have enough leeway to deal with your responsibilities at all times. The appeal comes after the. Published Dec. HI, and before you all say it, I have tried every single avenue I can think of. Explore all upcoming loan shark events in Montreal, find information & tickets for upcoming loan shark events happening in Montreal. Points/interest is always based on the initial amount borrowed. Loan Sharks Charge You Extremely High And Illegal Interest Rates. 9. For example: $25,000 / 1. 96% and will depend on our partner’s assessment of your credit profile. You loan from a loan firm an amount of P100,000 with a rate of simple interest of 20% but the interest was deducted from the loan at the time the money was borrowed. By these means, loan-shark offices soon spread to all principal cities throughout the United States. For reference, the average interest rate for personal loan plans according to the Bank of Canada is currently 9. 5 Overall, Montreal Canadiens: David Reinbacher, RHD, EHC Kloten (Swiss League) It's a bit of a slow burn this year for Reinbacher. You can find secure, unsecured, and payday loans. Google Street View. These loans often come with high interest rates. 5%, but this can range from as low as 4. You can call them on 0300 555 222 or complete an online form to report a loan shark in strict confidence. Listen. The general idea of a peer-to-peer loan is to match an individual lender to an individual borrower. 2 (2022), page 167-186 Safwan Kamal et al. There are some 16,000 private moneylenders registered with the South Korean government and a further 40,000 private moneylenders are reportedly operating illegally in the country ( The. So I've completed the Loan Shark Investigation, but had to pick grace. 42. If you know of anyone who is engaging in the business of loan sharking or is a victim of loan sharking within the City of San Diego, call the City Attorney’s Consumer Hotline at (619) 533- 5600. At first Joe does not want to get involved, but changes his mind when his brother-in-law dies at the hands of a savage. The most common examples of a loan shark in the Philippines are 5-6 lenders, sangla ATM lenders and other informal lenders. For people with bad credit that need money fast, these times are especially. (See. 039). At first Joe does not want to get involved, but changes his mind. Text: a report to 07860 022 116. a person who…. This Article tests thatA secured loan’s prevailing market rate (bank lending rate) is 6% annually. The term usually refers to illegal activity, but may also refer to predatory lending with extremely high interest rates such as payday or title loans. Example: $1000 unsecured loan borrowed for 12 months at 29. Robert Mayer * Abstract The specter of the loan shark is often conjured by advocates of price deregulation in the market for payday loans. Today, however, Pistone and countless others like him are being squeezed out by the major credit-card companies, which can offer money to the down-and-out at lower rates of interest and without the threat of. Report a loan shark online. If you don’t have an asset to offer as collateral, you can borrow between $500 and $15,000 with an unsecured loan. Report Them To The Police. Loan Payment = $1,153. In England, if you think a money lender is operating without being FCA authorised, you can speak in confidence to the Illegal Money Lending Hotline on 0300 555 2222. just to get the card. We give personal loans based on a person’s individual financial situation. For example, a loan shark may tail you everywhere you go or stake out your place of residence. [4] The nine brothers consisted of: Raymond, Jean-Guy, Normand, Claude, Rene, Rolland, Jean-Paul, and the twins. Not so long ago, the loan shark flourished, offering short-term, high-interest loans to desperate people with nowhere else to turn. Hard money loans are used for quick. Appendix III: The Loan-sharking Scene in Montreal Today Although there may be big time sharks associated in some way with gangs and groups, it seems that most in Montreal today are strictly neighbourhood operators with never more than $1000 on the street. When people are strapped for cash, they may resort to borrowing from unlicensed lenders. C. The center estimated the value of assets confiscated to be more than 31 million baht ($852,600). thousand people. Problems in the analysis of loan-sharking begin with actually. In August, NITDA had fined Soko Lending Company the sum of N10 million for sending threatening messages to borrowers, which was a privacy invasion. Lottery Corp. 10. You can also call 1800-924-5664 for direct contact with the X-Ah Long service. Desfossés ordered the hit that turned into. Finance----Follow. 30 and stopped 37 of 39 shots in a 3-2 shootout victory. Loan sharks in the Philippines are notorious for resorting to threats and violence when borrowers can't pay them back. Statistics of Norm Descoteaux, a hockey player from Montreal, PQ born Jan 3 1948 who was active from 1964 to 1974. 0%. ‎Loan Shark! is the app of choice by real estate and banking professionals as well as sales people and consumers. Points are accrued and paid weekly, 99% of the time. g. We will try to find the right answer to this particular crossword clue. . Loan sharks are usually unauthorized, unregulated, and illegal business entities or individuals. Bank loan 1: Dh2200 monthly payments. 99% to as high as 46. Accion (– Accion is a global nonprofit that offers microloans and business support for entrepreneurs. Crossword Clue. The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "Loan shark", 4 letters crossword clue. Alleged mobster Vito Rizzuto runs a loan-sharking operation at the Montreal casino, ordered the killing of a lawyer who had ripped him off and is considered the head. In Scotland, you can report them through the Trading Standards Scotland website or. Loan Money to a Start-Up Business Similarly to peer-to-peer lending, there are a number of new websites that have popped up that offer peer-to-business lending. Maurice Boucher (21 June 1953 – 10 July 2022) was a Canadian gangster, convicted murderer, reputed drug trafficker, and outlaw biker—once president of the Quebec Nomads chapter of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club. Banks take weeks to decide. E. ” Th e word “shark” was a popu lar. Next, consider the annual percentage rates, or APRs, which will dictate how much you’ll spend to take out your loan. The Dubois Brothers, also known as the Dubois gang, were a French-Canadian organized crime group consisting of nine brothers, which operated mostly in Montreal in the 1950s. Examples of banks that offer personal loans in Edmonton include the Royal Bank of Canada, Bank of Montreal and HSBC. They can also ask for $60/month of late repayment. That 5% per week can easily rack up fast when you multiply it by 4-8 weeks. Learn more. Low interest. Year 2019, my friend (A) borrowed 30,000 from our friend (B) with a 10% interest, monthly. anyone have any thoughts about loan sharks? any good ones around at all? i know its not the best think to do but we need the extra cash right now. The population of Montreal counts 1,705,000 people. While this might seem appealing, it is a sign of an illegal operation. a person who…。了解更多。A loan shark is a person or body that offers loans at extremely high interest rates. Loan Sharks in Montreal on YP. uk or text loan shark and your message to. 71% had borrowed from the loan shark more than once. D. You can easily improve your search by specifying the number of letters in the answer. Since there is only one payment, another way to calculate your payment is to simply add the bi-weekly interest rate to the loan amount: Loan Payment = $1,000 + 15. Tap into 80% of your home’s value to pay for large purchases, renovations, and more. They’re often willing to lend to people with bad credit or those who can’t get a loan from a traditional lender. The former has been less common than the latter. Although there may be big time sharks associated in some way with gangs and groups, it seems that most in Montreal today are strictly neighbourhood operators with never more than $1000 on the street. loan shark的意思、解释及翻译:1. Loan sharks generally make short-term loans to those who are experiencing sudden financial difficulty. 35 over the course of the entire loan period. Branch # 650610. 14, Canadian authorities issued a country-wide arrest warrant for Shichao Dong, 38, and Lina Rong, 37, for the murder of an Ontario woman. Annual Interest Rate. Historically, many moneylenders skirted between legal and criminal activity. A day after a group of loan shark victims signed a five-point agreement with the government to end their protests, another group of victims criticised the deal, arguing that it would only put them in more trouble. Sharks starter Kaapo Kahkonen stopped 13 of the 17 shots he faced. a person who…. If the prepay penalty duration is the same as the loan duration, it is almost certain that the borrower will end up paying it. If you borrow $20,000 at 5. In this article, we will explain what loan sharks are, how they operate, how their loans compare to legal short-term loans, and what you can do to spot. This is only an option if you need $500 or less. SAN JOSE, Calif. In 2010, he was part of a violent effort to take control of the Rizzutos' operations. You can also try searching for loan sharks on social media platforms like Facebook or Twitter. It is essential to avoid them and seek legal and regulated lending options instead. Unlicensed lenders do this because they don’t want to bother chasing after clients who defaulted on small loans, which usually cost from $1,000 and $3,000. In most cases it’s $200 or less. Hot Pursuit A quietly elusive producer, Commodo’s releases for Deep Medi, Bandulu and Black Acre has seen him established as one of UK bass music’s contemporary frontrunners, who continues to influence the wider landscape through the strength and. These are the “five-six” and the Sangla ATM. A man who was shot in broad daylight outside a gym in Laval on Tuesday is an alleged loan shark with ties to the West End Gang. You can also email the Illegal Money Lending Team at reportaloanshark@stoploansharks. views SUS Angelic Layer: Jan 10 2023, 06:34 AM, updated 8 months ago. Good Shepherd Ireland has given loans of up to €1,000 to 250 Limerick people in need from every walk of life and are now looking to loan more. Login Claim Your Cash!To tackle this problem, Sanders and Ocasio-Cortez introduced the Loan Shark Prevention Act in 2019. 99%, monthly payment of $125. As with many small business owners, he has closed his stores because of the. Updated at : April 3, 2023 13:15. A loan shark, also known as a money shark, is someone or a group that engages in predatory lending practices outside the boundaries of the law. When several workers at a tire factory suffer violence at the hands of the loan sharkers, a union leader and the factory owner try to recruit ex-con Joe Gargan to infiltrate to the gang. Before accepting a loan from loan sharks, remember that licensed moneylenders are only allowed to impose a 4% maximum interest rate per month. Mina, a 26-year-old government employee from Bicol, deactivated her Facebook account and changed her phone number early in. 2. Call Singapore police or submit an e-complaint if you believe you’re dealing with a loan shark.